采用H₂SO₄-NaCl酸浸方法实现了高锑铋物料中锑、铋的选择性浸出。在锑、铋浸出过程中，考察了硫酸浓度、氯化钠质量浓度、浸出温度、浸出时间和液固比对锑和铋浸出率的影响。结果表明，在硫酸浓度为3.5 mol/L、氯化钠质量浓度为175 g/L、浸出温度为80℃、浸出时间为30 min、液固比为8：1的最优条件下实现了锑、铋的有效浸出。在最优条件下，锑和铋的平均浸出率分别为91.25%和96.76%。H₂SO₄-NaCl酸性浸出过程提供了一种从高锑铋物料中回收锑、铋的简单有效方法，且在一定程度上解决了贵金属回收率低的问题。

Antimony and bismuth are selectively extracted from the materials with high concentrations of antimony and bismuth by H₂SO₄-NaCl acid leaching process.During leaching antimony and bismuth,the effects of sulfuric acid concentration,sodium chloride concentration,leaching temperature,leaching time and liquid-to-solid ratio on leaching efficiencies of antimony and bismuth are investigated.The optimum conditions for the effective leaching of antimony and bismuth are gained that sulfuric acid concentration is 3.5 mol·L^-1,sodium chloride concentration is 175 g·L^-1,leaching temperature at 80℃,leaching time 30 min and liquid-solid ratio 8:1.Under these optimum conditions,the average leaching rates of antimony and bismuth are 91.25% and 96.76%,respectively.The H₂SO₄-NaCl acid leaching process provides a simple and effective method for recovering antimony and bismuth from the materials containing high concentrations of antimony and bismuth,and solves the problem of low recovery rate for precious metals to some extent.

史春阳(1992-),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为有色金属湿法冶金,532417865@qq.com